I. The King of the Wood
1. Diana and Virbius
2. Artemis and Hippolytus
3. Recapitulation
II. Priestly Kings
III. Sympathetic Magic
1. The Principles of Magic
2. Homoeopathic or Imitative Magic
3. Contagious Magic
4. The Magician's Progress
IV. Magic and Religion
V. The Magical Control of the Weather
1. The Public Magician
2. The Magical Control of Rain
3. The Magical Control of the Sun
4. The Magical Control of the Wind
VI. Magicians as Kings
VII. Incarnate Human Gods
VIII. Departmental Kings of Nature
IX. The Worship of Trees
1. Tree-spirits
2. Beneficent Powers of Tree-spirits
X. Relics of Tree-worship in Modern Europe
XI. The Influence of the Sexes on Vegetation
XII. The Sacred Marriage
1. Diana as a Goddess of Fertility
2. The Marriage of the Gods
XIII. The Kings of Rome and Alba
1. Numa and Egeria
2. The King as Jupiter
XIV. The Succession to the Kingdom in Ancient Latium
XV. The Worship of the Oak
XVI.Dianus and Diana
XVII. The Burden of Royalty
1. Royal and Priestly Taboos
2. Divorce of the Spiritual from the Temporal Power
XVIII. The Perils of the Soul
1. The Soul as a Mannikin
2. Absence and Recall of the Soul
3. The Soul as a Shadow and a Reflection
XIX. Tabooed Acts
1. Taboos on Intercourse with Strangers
2. Taboos on Eating and Drinking
3. Taboos on Showing the Face
4. Taboos on Quitting the House
5. Taboos on Leaving Food Over
XX. Tabooed Persons
1. Chiefs and Kings Tabooed
2. Mourners Tabooed
3. Women Tabooed at Menstruation and Childbirth
4. Warriors Tabooed
5. Manslayers Tabooed
6. Hunters and Fishers Tabooed
XXI. Tabooed Things
1. The Meaning of Taboo
2. Iron Tabooed
3. Sharp Weapons Tabooed
4. Blood Tabooed
5. The Head Tabooed
6. Hair Tabooed
7. Ceremonies at Hair-cutting
8. Disposal of Cut Hair and Nails
9. Spittle Tabooed
10. Foods Tabooed
11. Knots and Rings Tabooed
XXII. Tabooed Words
1. Personal Names Tabooed
2. Names of Relations Tabooed
3. Names of the Dead Tabooed
4. Names of Kings and Other Sacred Persons Tabooed
5. Names of Gods Tabooed
XXIII. Our Debt to the Savage
XXIV. The Killing of the Divine King
1. The Mortality of the Gods
2. Kings Killed When Their Strength Fails
3. Kings Killed at the End of a Fixed Term
XXV. Temporary Kings
XXVI. Sacrifice of the King's Son
XXVII. Succession to the Soul
XXVIII. The Killing of the Tree-spirit
1. The Whitsuntide Mummers
2. Burying the Carnival
3. Carrying out Death
4. Bringing in Summer
5. Battle of Summer and Winter
6. Death and Resurrection of Kostrubonko
7. Death and Revival of Vegetation
8. Analogous Rites in India
9. The Magic Spring
XXIX. The Myth of Adonis
XXX. Adonis in Syria
XXXI. Adonis in Cyprus
XXXII. The Ritual of Adonis
XXXIII. The Gardens of Adonis
XXXIV. The Myth and Ritual of Attis
XXXV. Attis as a God of Vegetation
XXXVI. Human Representatives of Attis
XXXVII. Oriental Religions in the West
XXXVIII. The Myth of Osiris
XXXIX. The Ritual of Osiris
1. The Popular Rites
2. The Official Rites
XL. The Nature of Osiris
1. Osiris a Corn-god
2. Osiris a Tree-spirit
3. Osiris a God of Fertility
4. Osiris a God of the Dead
XLI. Isis
XLII. Osiris and the Sun
XLIII. Dionysus
XLIV. Demeter and Persephone
XLV. The Corn-mother and the Corn-maiden in Northern Europe
XLVI. The Corn-mother in Many Lands
1. The Corn-mother in America
2. The Rice-mother in the East Indies
3. The Spirit of the Corn Embodied in Human Beings
4. The Double Personification of the Corn as Mother and Daughter
XLVII. Lityerses
1. Songs of the Corn-reapers
2. Killing the Corn-spirit
3. Human Sacrifices for the Crops
4. The Corn-spirit Slain in his Human Representatives
XLVIII. The Corn-spirit as an Animal
1. Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit
2. The Corn-spirit as a Wolf or a Dog
3. The Corn-spirit as a Cock
4. The Corn-spirit as a Hare
5. The Corn-spirit as a Cat
6. The Corn-spirit as a Goat
7. The Corn-spirit as a Bull, Cow, or Ox
8. The Corn-spirit as a Horse or Mare
9. The Corn-spirit as a Pig (Boar or Sow)
10. On the Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit
XLIX. Ancient Deities of Vegetation as Animals
1. Dionysus, the Goat and the Bull
2. Demeter, the Pig and the Horse
3. Attis, Adonis, and the Pig
4. Osiris, the Pig and the Bull
5. Virbius and the Horse
L. Eating the God
1. The Sacrament of First-fruits
2. Eating the God among the Aztecs
3. Many Manii at Aricia
LI. Homoeopathic Magic of a Flesh Diet
LII. Killing the Divine Animal
1. Killing the Sacred Buzzard
2. Killing the Sacred Ram
3. Killing the Sacred Serpent
4. Killing the Sacred Turtles
5. Killing the Sacred Bear
LIII. The Propitiation of Wild Animals by Hunters
LIV. Types of Animal Sacrament
1. The Egyptian and the Aino Types of Sacrament
2. Processions with Sacred Animals
LV. The Transference of Evil
1. The Transference to Inanimate Objects
2. The Transference to Animals
3. The Transference to Men
4. The Transference of Evil in Europe
LVI. The Public Expulsion of Evils
1. The Omnipresence of Demons
2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils
3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils
LVII. Public Scapegoats
1. The Expulsion of Embodied Evils
2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle
3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle
4. On Scapegoats in General
LVIII. Human Scapegoats in Classical Antiquity
1. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Rome
2. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Greece
3. The Roman Saturnalia
LIX. Killing the God in Mexico
LX. Between Heaven and Earth
1. Not to Touch the Earth
2. Not to See the Sun
3. The Seclusion of Girls at Puberty
4. Reasons for the Seclusion of Girls at Puberty
LXI. The Myth of Balder
LXII. The Fire-festivals of Europe
1. The Fire-festivals in General
2. The Lenten Fires
3. The Easter Fires
4. The Beltane Fires
5. The Midsummer Fires
6. The Hallowe'en Fires
7. The Midwinter Fires
8. The Need-fire
LXIII. The Interpretation of the Fire-festivals
1. On the Fire-festivals in General
2. The Solar Theory of the Fire-festivals
3. The Purifactory Theory of the Fire-festivals
LXIV. The Burning of Human Beings in the Fires
1. The Burning of Effigies in the Fires
2. The Burning of Men and Animals in the Fires
LXV. Balder and the Mistletoe
LXVI. The External Soul in Folk-tales
LXVII. The External Soul in Folk-custom
1. The External Soul in Inanimate Things
2. The External Soul in Plants
3. The External Soul in Animals
4. The Ritual of Death and Resurrection
LXVIII. The Golden Bough
LXIX. Farewell to Nemi
Index
I. The King of the Wood
1. Diana and Virbius
2. Artemis and Hippolytus
3. Recapitulation
II. Priestly Kings
III. Sympathetic Magic
1. The Principles of Magic
2. Homoeopathic or Imitative Magic
3. Contagious Magic
4. The Magician's Progress
IV. Magic and Religion
V. The Magical Control of the Weather
1. The Public Magician
2. The Magical Control of Rain
3. The Magical Control of the Sun
4. The Magical Control of the Wind
VI. Magicians as Kings
VII. Incarnate Human Gods
VIII. Departmental Kings of Nature
IX. The Worship of Trees
1. Tree-spirits
2. Beneficent Powers of Tree-spirits
X. Relics of Tree-worship in Modern Europe
XI. The Influence of the Sexes on Vegetation
XII. The Sacred Marriage
1. Diana as a Goddess of Fertility
2. The Marriage of the Gods
XIII. The Kings of Rome and Alba
1. Numa and Egeria
2. The King as Jupiter
XIV. The Succession to the Kingdom in Ancient Latium
XV. The Worship of the Oak
XVI.Dianus and Diana
XVII. The Burden of Royalty
1. Royal and Priestly Taboos
2. Divorce of the Spiritual from the Temporal Power
XVIII. The Perils of the Soul
1. The Soul as a Mannikin
2. Absence and Recall of the Soul
3. The Soul as a Shadow and a Reflection
XIX. Tabooed Acts
1. Taboos on Intercourse with Strangers
2. Taboos on Eating and Drinking
3. Taboos on Showing the Face
4. Taboos on Quitting the House
5. Taboos on Leaving Food Over
XX. Tabooed Persons
1. Chiefs and Kings Tabooed
2. Mourners Tabooed
3. Women Tabooed at Menstruation and Childbirth
4. Warriors Tabooed
5. Manslayers Tabooed
6. Hunters and Fishers Tabooed
XXI. Tabooed Things
1. The Meaning of Taboo
2. Iron Tabooed
3. Sharp Weapons Tabooed
4. Blood Tabooed
5. The Head Tabooed
6. Hair Tabooed
7. Ceremonies at Hair-cutting
8. Disposal of Cut Hair and Nails
9. Spittle Tabooed
10. Foods Tabooed
11. Knots and Rings Tabooed
XXII. Tabooed Words
1. Personal Names Tabooed
2. Names of Relations Tabooed
3. Names of the Dead Tabooed
4. Names of Kings and Other Sacred Persons Tabooed
5. Names of Gods Tabooed
XXIII. Our Debt to the Savage
XXIV. The Killing of the Divine King
1. The Mortality of the Gods
2. Kings Killed When Their Strength Fails
3. Kings Killed at the End of a Fixed Term
XXV. Temporary Kings
XXVI. Sacrifice of the King's Son
XXVII. Succession to the Soul
XXVIII. The Killing of the Tree-spirit
1. The Whitsuntide Mummers
2. Burying the Carnival
3. Carrying out Death
4. Bringing in Summer
5. Battle of Summer and Winter
6. Death and Resurrection of Kostrubonko
7. Death and Revival of Vegetation
8. Analogous Rites in India
9. The Magic Spring
XXIX. The Myth of Adonis
XXX. Adonis in Syria
XXXI. Adonis in Cyprus
XXXII. The Ritual of Adonis
XXXIII. The Gardens of Adonis
XXXIV. The Myth and Ritual of Attis
XXXV. Attis as a God of Vegetation
XXXVI. Human Representatives of Attis
XXXVII. Oriental Religions in the West
XXXVIII. The Myth of Osiris
XXXIX. The Ritual of Osiris
1. The Popular Rites
2. The Official Rites
XL. The Nature of Osiris
1. Osiris a Corn-god
2. Osiris a Tree-spirit
3. Osiris a God of Fertility
4. Osiris a God of the Dead
XLI. Isis
XLII. Osiris and the Sun
XLIII. Dionysus
XLIV. Demeter and Persephone
XLV. The Corn-mother and the Corn-maiden in Northern Europe
XLVI. The Corn-mother in Many Lands
1. The Corn-mother in America
2. The Rice-mother in the East Indies
3. The Spirit of the Corn Embodied in Human Beings
4. The Double Personification of the Corn as Mother and Daughter
XLVII. Lityerses
1. Songs of the Corn-reapers
2. Killing the Corn-spirit
3. Human Sacrifices for the Crops
4. The Corn-spirit Slain in his Human Representatives
XLVIII. The Corn-spirit as an Animal
1. Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit
2. The Corn-spirit as a Wolf or a Dog
3. The Corn-spirit as a Cock
4. The Corn-spirit as a Hare
5. The Corn-spirit as a Cat
6. The Corn-spirit as a Goat
7. The Corn-spirit as a Bull, Cow, or Ox
8. The Corn-spirit as a Horse or Mare
9. The Corn-spirit as a Pig (Boar or Sow)
10. On the Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit
XLIX. Ancient Deities of Vegetation as Animals
1. Dionysus, the Goat and the Bull
2. Demeter, the Pig and the Horse
3. Attis, Adonis, and the Pig
4. Osiris, the Pig and the Bull
5. Virbius and the Horse
L. Eating the God
1. The Sacrament of First-fruits
2. Eating the God among the Aztecs
3. Many Manii at Aricia
LI. Homoeopathic Magic of a Flesh Diet
LII. Killing the Divine Animal
1. Killing the Sacred Buzzard
2. Killing the Sacred Ram
3. Killing the Sacred Serpent
4. Killing the Sacred Turtles
5. Killing the Sacred Bear
LIII. The Propitiation of Wild Animals by Hunters
LIV. Types of Animal Sacrament
1. The Egyptian and the Aino Types of Sacrament
2. Processions with Sacred Animals
LV. The Transference of Evil
1. The Transference to Inanimate Objects
2. The Transference to Animals
3. The Transference to Men
4. The Transference of Evil in Europe
LVI. The Public Expulsion of Evils
1. The Omnipresence of Demons
2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils
3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils
LVII. Public Scapegoats
1. The Expulsion of Embodied Evils
2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle
3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle
4. On Scapegoats in General
LVIII. Human Scapegoats in Classical Antiquity
1. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Rome
2. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Greece
3. The Roman Saturnalia
LIX. Killing the God in Mexico
LX. Between Heaven and Earth
1. Not to Touch the Earth
2. Not to See the Sun
3. The Seclusion of Girls at Puberty
4. Reasons for the Seclusion of Girls at Puberty
LXI. The Myth of Balder
LXII. The Fire-festivals of Europe
1. The Fire-festivals in General
2. The Lenten Fires
3. The Easter Fires
4. The Beltane Fires
5. The Midsummer Fires
6. The Hallowe'en Fires
7. The Midwinter Fires
8. The Need-fire
LXIII. The Interpretation of the Fire-festivals
1. On the Fire-festivals in General
2. The Solar Theory of the Fire-festivals
3. The Purifactory Theory of the Fire-festivals
LXIV. The Burning of Human Beings in the Fires
1. The Burning of Effigies in the Fires
2. The Burning of Men and Animals in the Fires
LXV. Balder and the Mistletoe
LXVI. The External Soul in Folk-tales
LXVII. The External Soul in Folk-custom
1. The External Soul in Inanimate Things
2. The External Soul in Plants
3. The External Soul in Animals
4. The Ritual of Death and Resurrection
LXVIII. The Golden Bough
LXIX. Farewell to Nemi
Index
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Translanguaging is a communicative practice of bilinguals and multilinguals, that is, it is a practice whereby bilinguals and multilinguals use their entire linguistic repertoire to communicate and make meaning (García, 2009; García, Ibarra Johnson, & Seltzer, 2017) It is through that lens that we have partnered with teacher educators and bilingual education experts, Drs.
